Another study using mIF on pre-treatment biopsies and post-treatment tumor resections of breast carcinoma found that adequate tissue sampling, with at least 15 regions of interest, was necessary to have a strong correlation between the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-L1 markers included in an mIF panel and the H&E/PD-L1 clone SP142 clinical assays (Sanchez et al., 2021). Here, CD274 is linked to breast carcinoma.