Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote metastasis (46, 47), and GPR132 signaling plays a crucial role in promoting breast cancer metastasis (41). Mechanistically, the lactate-GPR132 axis promotes the alternatively activated macrophage (M2)-like phenotype, which, in turn, facilitates cancer cell adhesion, migration, and invasion (41). The gene discussed is GPR132; the disease is breast carcinoma.