TLR8 and malaria: Placental Bcrp levels have been shown to be downregulated in human first trimester placental explants treated with LPS (Lye et al., 2015), in malaria-infected murine placentae (Fontes et al., 2019) and in HTR8/SVneo (human extravillous trophoblast-like) cells exposed to either LPS or to the TLR8 viral mimic single stranded RNA (ssRNA; Lye et al., 2019).