However, Bcrp was upregulated in human PTB placentae with chorioamnionitis (Do Imperio et al., 2018) which is commonly induced by polymicrobial infection (Conti et al., 2015), and after treatment of trophoblastic cells with PGE2 (Mason et al., 2014), indicating that the nature of infective/inflammatory stimuli determines the trophoblastic-Bcrp modulatory response. The gene discussed is ABCG2; the disease is chorioamnionitis.