IGF1 and clostridium difficile infection: Both prevalence of preoperative (Table 2) and postoperative endocrinopathy (Table 3) were comparable between the two groups, except that the HO group tended to have higher IGF-1 preoperatively [146.5 (113.50–187.75) vs. 124.50 (85.73–169.50)μg/L, P = 0.081] and a higher percentage of postoperative CDI (81.7 vs. 77.6%, P = 0.076), although not statistically significant.