The higher levels of systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, advanced class of glomerular lesion, IFTA, interstitial inflammation, arteriolar hyalinosis, incidence of diabetic retinopathy, and the lower levels of serum albumin and eGFR were associated with ESKD. Here, ALB is linked to diabetic retinopathy.