Remarkably, we found higher TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 in lung homogenates of LysM-cre × Hif1αfl/fl mice when compared with Hif1αfl/fl control mice at 12 hours after inoculation; these differences were not present anymore at 40 hours after infection (Figure 3(a)). Here, TNF is linked to infection.