After coculture VEC-T cell or OE-IL-10-T cell with leukemia cells for 3 h, compared with VEC-T group, the leukemia cells treated with OE-IL-10-T cells induced a slight increase in the phosphorylation of STAT3 and AKT (Fig. 7b, c), and a mild decrease in the phosphorylation of ERK (Fig. 7d). Here, STAT3 is linked to leukemia.