However, as cancer cells can escape the requirement of signalling through mTOR by increasing nutrient uptake49 and inhibition of mTORC1 can result in feedback activation of the PI3K/AKT axis50,51 (Supplementary Fig. 12L), for longer-term targeting of this pathway in tumours it is advantageous to use this drug in combination with a PI3K inhibitor, such as AZD818642,52,53 (Supplementary Fig. 12K), a combination that has been trialled clinically without unacceptable toxicity54. Here, MTOR is linked to neoplasm.