For example, ISO-1 treatment capable of inhibiting MIF tautomerase activity has been reported to markedly inhibit the tumorigenic growth of various cancers, including prostate cancer, colon cancer and pancreatic cancers, by effectively blocking the interaction between MIF and receptors, particularly CD74,32 leading us to hypothesize that an immunotherapeutic vaccine approach eliciting an anti-MIF immune response can also play a pivotal role in cancer treatment. Here, CD74 is linked to prostate carcinoma.