For instance, reprogramming host cell nucleotide metabolism in response to infection can limit the pool of dNTPs available for viral DNA replication (Lahouassa et al., 2012) and IFN signalling rewires oxidative metabolism and alters citric acid cycle metabolite levels to facilitate the reprogramming of dendritic cells and macrophages (O’Neill and Pearce, 2016; Timblin et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and infection.