CXCR4 and liver disorder: The study found that CXCR4 conditional knock-out mice (i.e., CXCR4f/null mice were crossed with MxCre mice to get MxCre-CXCR4f/null mice; CXCR4 was conditionally deleted after induction of Cre expression by intraperitoneal injection of poly(I)-poly(C) (pIpC) in eight-week-old mice) are susceptible to severe liver injury, with increased mRNA expression of several markers related to liver injury and regeneration in the liver, suggesting that the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling is essential for liver regeneration and prevention of liver disease progression (Tsuchiya et al., 2012).