NFASC and familial dilated cardiomyopathy: To determine if circulating DNA or RNA present in serum could elicit pathological changes in gene expression, NF and DCM sera were subjected to heat/freeze to expose EVs or protein-bound nucleic acid contents (16), and treated with vehicle, DNase (NF n = 4; DCM n = 8) from 7 independent experiments, or RNase (NF n = 5; DCM n = 9) from 9 independent experiments.