TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: Twenty patients in the IBD group were treated with a biological or immunosuppressive medication (n = 14 TNF inhibitors: n = 13 infliximab and n = 1 adalimumab; n = 8 other immunosuppressants: n = 6 vedolizumab and n = 2 ustekinumab), and 6 of them received no medication for IBD.