In a retrospective cohort study of over 1400 NSCLC patients from the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) network, it is found that KEAP1/NFE2L2 mutations represent a mechanism of intrinsic resistance to chemotherapy (4). The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.