TGFB1 and diabetic cardiomyopathy: Wogonin can increase glucose cellular absorption to reduce hyperglycemia through the AKT and GLUT4 pathways (Khan and Kamal, 2019), and it exerts anti-inflammatory effects through NF-κB signaling and anti-fibrosis effects against diabetic nephropathy through the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway (Zheng et al., 2020); moreover, it can alleviate diabetic cardiomyopathy through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities (Khan et al., 2016a).