To evaluate the antitumor efficacy of gene-edited CAR-T cells in vivo, we used NPG mice (Vital Star) bearing CRL5826-PD-L1 tumors (CDX) and two patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models derived from pancreatic cancer samples that were both MSLN positive (Supplementary Fig. 3A). Here, MSLN is linked to pancreatic neoplasm.