In the case–control analysis, we did not find any significant association between the PCSK9 rs615563 and type 2 diabetes [GG OR (95% CI) 1.78 (0.79, 4.44); p = 0.16], [AA OR (95% CI) 1.48 (0.84, 2.61); p = 0.17] and the incidence of type 2 diabetes over the 5 years of follow-up [GG OR (95% CI) 1.55 (0.85, 4.39); p = 0.16], [AA OR (95% CI) 1.72 (0.84, 2.61); p = 0.26] (Table 3). This evidence concerns the gene PCSK9 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.