NPC1 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: In analysis of the NPC1 gene mutations in each iPSC type, we found that NPC patient-derived iPSCs had heterozygous mutations consistent with those reported by Soga et al. [30], i.e., c.2000C > T (p.S667L) and c.3482G > A (p.C1161Y) mutations were observed in NPC5–1, whereas c.581_592delinsG (p.F194*) and c.3263A > G (p.Y1088C) mutations were observed in NPC6–1 (Fig. 1D).