In summary, with the development of biological techniques such as high-throughput sequencing, the role of m6A methylation in ESCC has been gradually revealed, at present, it has been found that there are abnormal expressions of METTL3, ALKBH5, FTO, YTHDC2, HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPC in ESCC, mainly by affecting the stability of mRNA, regulating cancer cell proliferation and affecting tumor cell metastasis and invasion. This evidence concerns the gene YTHDC2 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.