In agreement with our findings, a very recent study reported that bovine milk P100K EVs (pellets obtained by 100,000 g ultracentrifugation for 1 h) alleviated colitis via restoring expression of A20 (or TNFAIP3, tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3) 45, an intracellular ubiquitin-editing protein that plays a key role in the negative feedback regulation of NF-κB signaling in response to multiple stimuli 46. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and colitis.