TNF and hepatocellular carcinoma: Analogously, CD44-CAR-T [85] and EGFRvIII-CAR-T [86] both released higher levels of cytokines such as INF-γ, TNF-α and better suppressed HCC growth compared with normal/mock T group in vitro and vivo. In a phase II clinical trial, patients with advanced HCC received CD133-CAR-T cell infusion after prior systemic therapy, and emerged with 12 months median overall survival (OS) and 6.8 months progression free survival (PFS) [71].