Confocal imaging showed that viperin was restricted to the ER in FLAG-viperin overexpressing HT-29 cells, whereas in contrast, viperin was found to relocate from the ER in FLAG-viperin and pcDNA-NSP4-co-overexpressing HT-29 cells, demonstrating the role of NSP4 in the expulsion of viperin from the ER during rotavirus infection (Figure 4c). This evidence concerns the gene PRSS57 and Rotavirus infection.