Interestingly, a recent study showed that, in contrast to LASV, highly pathogenic NW arenaviruses accumulate dsRNA during infections [25], possibly leading to the observed colocalization of the viral RNP with RIG-I, the melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), and phosphorylated PKR [19,26]. The gene discussed is EIF2AK2; the disease is infection.