As a therapeutic tool, caffeine is used to treat apnea of prematurity in preterm newborn infants, and it has been found to reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of preterm infants, by reducing pulmonary inflammation, including IL-6 and TNF-α secretion [4,5]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.