As in whole blood, it has been shown that caffeine does not change the LPS-induced secretion of IL-10, IL-6, and IL-1β [6], while reduced mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-12, and IL-3 has been found in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells [40] or retinal ischemia/reperfusion-induced IL-6 and IL-1β secretion by microglia [39,41]. Here, IL3 is linked to retinal ischemia.