APOB and atherosclerosis: Patients with FH are at increased risk of CHD disease because they have genetic conditions (mutations on LDL-Receptor gene, Apolipoprotein B gene, PCSK9 gene) that result in high LDL-C levels and can cause premature atherosclerosis; they frequently have elevated non-HDL-C levels (expression of highly atherogenic VLDL particles) and apoB/apoA ratio >1, recently recognized as a new risk factor for atherosclerosis [10].