TNF and psoriasis: Recently, various plant-based therapeutics have been effectively employed for the psoriasis treatment, such as extracts from Aloe vera, Curcuma longa, Mahonia aquifolium, Matricaria recutita, Silybum marianum, Gaultheria procumbens, and Thespesia populnea, which acted reducing TNF-a, IL-8, IL-12, and p65 expression levels [191].