Both lncRNAs and miRNAs can affect development of cancer through modulation of important cancer-related pathways such as Notch (Ghafouri-Fard et al., 2021c), Rho-GTPase (Ghafouri-Fard et al., 2021d) and NF-κB (Ghafouri-Fard et al., 2021a) pathways, activity of immune-related cascades (Ghafouri-Fard et al., 2021b) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (Hussen et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and cancer.