While microarray and RNAseq data from hESC colonies differentiated in response to BMP4 have shown the differentiated cells to be comprised only of TB, with no evidence for contributions from the main germ line lineages, particularly mesoderm (Schulz et al., 2008; Marchand et al., 2011; Telugu et al., 2013; Yabe et al., 2016; Jain et al., 2017), it has become clear that they displayed a different transcriptome profile from primary TBs isolated from the villous placenta. Here, BMP4 is linked to tuberculosis.