OAS3 and severe acute respiratory syndrome: These studies identified several gene expression changes associated with SARS-CoV infection including increased expression of inflammatory mediators IL-6, IL−8, CXCL10 (i.e., INF γ-induced protein 10), IFN-λ, IFIT1, OASL, and OAS3 in SARS-CoV infected human lung cultures and mouse lung samples (29, 31, 33, 34).