Resveratrol has allosteric effect and is an excellent activator of the SIRT gene and has been used as a treatment for diabetes by normalizing hyperglycemia, improving insulin sensitivity, decreasing liver glucose production, and regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and lipid metabolism. However, we find a complexity in relation to the mode of action and effect of this polyphenol and dependent on concentration. Studies with human muscle cells have shown that at high concentrations it can be harmful and inhibit mitochondrial respiration. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.