Previous studies have found that the level of liver HMGB1 protein was correlated with alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) in patients with chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV), as well as in chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) treated mice (Ge et al., 2018). The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is primary biliary cholangitis.