High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein, a member of the high-mobility group 1 (HMG-1) family, modulates cell death in acute liver injury by NF-κB signal pathway activated by advanced glycan end products (RAGE) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (Eguchi et al., 2014). Here, HMGB1 is linked to injury.