In the PBE + TFI group, Iba-1+ microglia activation was significantly attenuated when compared with that found in the vehicle + TFI group at 5 days post-ischemia, and the ROD was 80.8% at 2 days and 58.4% at 5 days compared with that shown in the vehicle + TFI group (Figure 3A(e,f),B). The gene discussed is AIF1; the disease is ischemia.