Several studies conducted in IBD patients have shown that an overexpression of TLRs, such as TLR2 and TLR4, and the upregulation of adhesion molecules in the endothelium, might contribute to and promote inflammation by inducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 [14,20]. Here, TNF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.