In addition, while Alistipes putredinis, Bifidobacterium longum and Prevotella copri were enriched in the guts of responders to PD-1 blockade in a Chinese cohort of non-small cell lung cancer patients, Ruminococcus species were associated with decreased response to anti-PD-1 therapy [79]. Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.