PTHLH and hypercalcemia disease: SCID xenograft mouse models can reproduce some features of HTLV-1 disease, such as multiple organ engraftments with ATL cells, expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), a mediator of hypercalcemia in ATL patients, and increased levels of IL2 Rα and β-2 microglobulin [164,165,166].