Multiple internal or external stimuli, including bacterial and viral infection, can activate the intracellular immune complex called the inflammasome, which is comprised of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2)-like receptor (ALR) and NLR, the adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and pro-caspase-1 [10]. The gene discussed is AIM2; the disease is viral infectious disease.