Even though we observed weaker anti-tumor effects when using PTS than after direct CAP treatment, it is worthwhile to note that a significant induction of early apoptosis and the induction of Caspase-3, -7, -9, H2AX, p16 and p21 were observed after PTS treatment (Figure 7), whereas late apoptosis with cell death was not significantly induced in the present study (Figure 8). This evidence concerns the gene H2AX and neoplasm.