Gene expression analysis of WT and P23H/+ retinas between 3 months (early stages of retinal degeneration) and 6 months (at which point most photoreceptor cells have been lost) showed that expression of Tlr2 and of the adaptor genes Myd88 and Tirap was increased in the P23H/+ versus WT retinas, particularly at 4 months (Figure 1B). This evidence concerns the gene TIRAP and retinal degeneration.