In this latter study, the authors provided evidence sustaining a quite different concept: HIF-1α (and then HIF1) was acting rather as a factor able to prevent excessive hepatic lipid accumulation in NAFLD progression; this protecting effect was attributed to the role played by HIF-1α in the regulation of peroxisomal lipid metabolism, likely exerted through the induced expression of lipin1, a key regulator of the PPARα/PGC-1α pathway [111]. This evidence concerns the gene PPARA and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.