HIF1A and hepatocellular carcinoma: Furthermore, IHC studies revealed significantly higher expression of hypoxic markers, including HIF-1α [18], glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) [19], lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) [20] and carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) [21] in human HCC tissues when compared to nontumorous liver tissues.