HIF1A and hepatocellular carcinoma: Furthermore, HIF-1 elicited a switch of ECT complex I subunit from NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 4 (NDUFA) to NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 4–like 2 (NDUFA4L2), a less active subunit, to decelerate electron transfer and attenuate ROS production in HCC [46,90] (Figure 3) (Table 1).