Given that CQ blocks the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, and that erlotinib and PFK158 co-treatment did not accumulate p62 upon chloroquine treatment, these results suggest that PFKFB3 inhibition impairs erlotinib-induced autophagy at the late stages in NSCLC. The gene discussed is PFKFB3; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.