TGFB1 and neoplasm: Interestingly, TGFβ is abundantly expressed in the tumor microenvironment and is known to play pleiotropic roles in cancer progression [8] and in the development of metastasis, a multistep process that requires cancer cells with flexible self-reprogramming capabilities to transition from the epithelial to the mesenchymal state (EMT) and to achieve cancer stem cell (CSC)-like features for surviving attacks from apoptotic signals [9,10].