Additionally, in patients with OSA, the TGFβ levels has been implicated in the phenotypic change of monocytes/macrophages, with a switch to tumor-associated macrophages [35] and in the suppression of the maturation and cytotoxic capacity of natural killer cells [6], which seriously compromises the immunosurveillance system. Here, TGFB1 is linked to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.