Out of the 68 genes that were upregulated with CIS but downregulated in CISAP, 36 genes represented in the heat map in Figure 5B–E are genes associated with pathways linked to pro-inflammatory responses, extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell adhesion such as MMP14, UNC13D, PTAFR, OLFM4, EGR1, FLRT3, SULF2, ITGA6, XDH, SERPINB5, TNFAIP3, CXCL8, IGFBP3, COL17A1, VTCN1, SEMA7A, CCL28, TIMP3, LAMB3, SAA1, CEACAM6, ECM1, TP63, S100A8, EFNA1, VDR, S100A9, ANXA1, PI3, INHBA, TNC, L1CAM, SPARC, SPON2, TSPAN2 and C3. Here, VTCN1 is linked to in situ carcinoma.