The biological mechanisms linking CRC-associated risk variants with target genes have been validated in the laboratory for a few regions that include 8q24 MYC [47], 8q23.3 EIF3H [48], 11q23.1 COLCA1 and COLCA2 [49], 15q13.3 GREM1 [50], 16q22.1 CDH1 [51], and 18q21.1 SMAD7 [52]. Here, SMAD7 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.