Hypermethylation of CpG islands in genes such as CELSR1 and collapsin response mediator protein 1 (CRMP1), and hypomethylation of CpG loci in small proline-rich protein 3 (SPRR3) and tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) genes were found in HCC and cirrhotic liver tissues compared to noncirrhotic control liver tissues [35]. Here, SPRR3 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.