In addition to prostate cancer, many common types of cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, bladder cancer, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), high-grade glioma, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer and sarcoma, are thought to gain RB1 deficiency during their malignant progression [7]. The gene discussed is RB1; the disease is cancer.