Reportedly, Aronia normalizes serum glucose concentrations by reducing hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, improving insulin sensitivity, and potentiating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in diabetic animal models, and it has been reported to enhance hepatic insulin resistance and increase serum glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations by reducing dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity in obese rats [26]. Here, GCG is linked to Insulin resistance.