Cardiac overexpression of FGF1 can promote myocardial cell survival and reduce infarct size under myocardial infarction.40 Although FGF1 activates MAPKs, which promote mitosis and cause cell division and proliferation,24,41 to our knowledge, we demonstrated for the first time that rFGF1 inhibits pathological cardiac remodelling in two established animal models of cardiac hypertrophy. Here, FGF1 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.