GDF15 and atrial fibrillation: This comprehensive biomarker screening study to identify biomarkers associated with CV death in AF confirmed NT-proBNP, cTnT-hs, IL-6, and GDF-15 from previous studies and identified six additional novel biomarkers such as FGF-23, suPAR, TFF3, TNFR1, TRAILR2, and CTSL1, as the most important out of 268 biomarkers from two large cohorts.