TNF and congestive heart failure: As compared to the non-targeted MRN Lactate, the AT1-HSA-MRN-NPs exhibited prolonged drug release and superior pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of MRN in vivo, improving cardiac function recovery with lesser toxicity and better pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory serum cytokine levels (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10) in a rat model of congestive heart failure.